Not Particularly

          Do you like dancing?

          Not particularly.

What is “not particularly” doing?

It is not saying he particularly dislikes dancing.

If we create the structure of

He does not particularly like dancing

what do we get?

The adverb is putting out a logical. With a false on its input, it can’t put out a false on its output – its inverse is “ToBeGenerally”.

You could argue a False into a ToBeParticularly should put out an unknown – 0.5 – midway between true and false. An argument for another day. Right now, we need a structure to build.

Does this mean he doesn’t like dancing?

No, it means  he does not prefer it to other things he likes.

Or it could just mean he is being polite, and actually hates dancing.

So, what about “especially”?

He despises them all, especially Sylvester.

This doesn’t change the truth value of the despisement of Sylvester, but it does add an extra layer, so the people he prefers to despise can rise to the top.

As another example, “infinitely” would provide the logical to “preferable” in “infinitely preferable”.